「チック・トゥレット症」についてご理解いただくために
[ 症 状 ]
小児期に発症する発達障害のひとつであり、音声チック、多種の運動チックが1年以上に渡って続く症状がトゥレット症と診断されます。
抑えがたい動きや音声が特徴のチック症状は、自らコントロールすることが難しく、本人が肉体的・精神的につらいばかりでなく、回りの人々に不快な感情を抱かせ、学校、家庭、職場、外出先等での生活に支障が出てしまいます。また、付随して併発する、強迫症、パニック症、依存症等の不安障害も本人には、さらに、負担が大きいものです。
原因として、前頭葉の考える、行動する部位にホルモン分泌の不足、伝達物質のドーパミン不足などが考えられていますが、いまだ解明にいたっていません。
[ 現 状 ]
幼児期から発症し、家庭、医療機関、教育機関、役所保健福祉、障害ケア施設、また一般の方等、この病気の認知度が低く、本人、家族が困惑し苦労、悩みの連続となっているのが現況です。
全国相談機関、発達障害支援センターの6割以上が、トゥレット症の具体的な対応方法がわからないとする一方で７割がこの相談を受けていたとの事です。また、学校の先生の認知度は、教育特別支援学級教諭は35％、通常学級教諭は18％でほとんど知られていない現状でした。
この結果、音声チックや運動チックにより、回りの方の視線が気になり、引きこもりになったり、二次障害に至るケースもあります。
早急に、このトゥレット症の理解啓発を広め、認知度を高めなければなりません。
[ 医療機関のネットワークが重要 ]（併発症の対応に児童精神科医師が必要）
医師の認知率も低く、特に地方になれば顕著になります。（地方の当事者、家族も知識不足の相談機関や医師に困惑しています。）
[ プライマリケア医（総合医）の役割が大きい ]
精神科医だけでなく、全般知識を有する医師の存在が重要です。
併発症に汚言症、怒り発作、衝動性、強迫症、パニック症、ADHD（不注意、集中できない多動性、衝動性の突発行動）、自閉スペクトラム症、吃音、抜毛症。
※詳細は、日本トゥレット協会が発行の冊子があります。
有料（書籍代500円、と送料）となりますが、当会にお申し込みください。
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